Gemüse in Byzanz. Die Versorgung Konstantinopels mit Frischgemüse im Lichte der Geoponika

dictionary. This instalment, covering the words ila to inna, maintains the impeccable scholarly and production standards set by the previous fascicles, and one notes that the list of sources consulted continues to expand. This fascicle is noteworthy for its domination by a few important terms. The masdar and substantive amr, for example, requires an entry of 40 pages (pp. 356-95) describing 49 different ways in which the word was used in translations from Greek. The last 73 pages are devoted to the orthographically similar terms an, ann, in, and inna (pp. 408-80), with more to come in the next fascicle. As in previous instalments, the sophistication and clarity of the authors' presentation of difflcult material continues to impress. Two areas for which this lexicon will be of particularly great value struck this reviewer as worth stressing. One has to do with cases in which a Greek text survives only in an Arabic translation. In such a situation, what, for example, is one to make of the term ama, which in medieval Arabic almost always denotes a slave-girl or a bondmaid? From GALex, however, one will find (pp. 407-8) that the Arabic word translates not only such anticipated Greek terms as therdpaina, doule, and oikftis, but also and more specifically an oikon6mos, referring to a stewardess responsible for managing a household. The second area is the tremendous contribution this work will make to our understanding of the textual traditions of both the original Greek works and the Arabic translations. The cumulative indices now list close to 1,000 variant passages in both Greek and Arabic texts, including thirteen important medical works by Hippocrates and Galen, al-Razl's Hdwi, and Ibn al-Baytar's Jdmi'-all this already in a work that will require at least one more fascicle to reach the end of the first letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is especially encouraging to note the pace at which fascicles of the work are appearing in print. Long delays in research of this kind are of course perfectly understandable; it is all the more gratifying, then, for medical historians and others for whom this lexicon will be most important to be able to anticipate its completion before the first volumes fall out of date. Professor Koder regards this new book as a "by-product" of his studies for a commentary on the Book of the Eparch-a Byzantine collection of the regulations governing the guilds of Constantinople. …